Ijambo ry'ibanze: Kugeza ubu, mu nganda z’imodoka mu rwego rwo gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi, ubwenge no kuzamura ibicuruzwa by’ibinyabiziga, ibisabwa na sisitemu ya feri bigenda byiyongera buhoro buhoro, kandi disiki ya feri ya karuboni ceramic ifite ibyiza bigaragara, iyi ngingo izavuga kuri disiki ya feri ya karubone ceramic inganda.
I. Amavu n'amavuko
Vuba aha, Azera yasohoye imodoka yambere nini ya SUV ifite imyanya itanu, ES7, ikoresha ikomatanyirizo rya aluminiyumu yinyuma, ku nshuro ya kabiri Azera ikoresha tekinoroji ihuriweho n’ibicuruzwa byayo.Hamwe nogutezimbere kworoheje no gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi, tekinoroji ihuriweho nogupfa gushakishwa nabakora amamodoka mashya hamwe namasosiyete gakondo yimodoka, kandi uburemere bwimiterere yimodoka ntagushidikanya byabaye igice cyingenzi muburyo bwiza bwo gutunganya ibinyabiziga.Gukoresha disiki ya feri ya karubone ceramic izateza imbere cyane inzira yimodoka zoroheje, ibikurikira nukuvuga kubyerekeye inganda.
Babiri, gusobanukirwa disiki ya karubone ceramic
Kugeza ubu, ibikoresho bya feri bikoreshwa cyane muri gari ya moshi yihuta, ibinyabiziga nindege ahanini ni ifu ya metallurgie hamwe nibikoresho bya karuboni-karubone.Nyamara, ifu ya feri ya metallurgie feri ifite inenge nkubushyuhe bwo hejuru byoroshye guhuza, imikorere yo guterana byoroshye kugabanuka, imbaraga zubushyuhe bwo hejuru ziragabanuka cyane, guhangana nubushyuhe bukabije bwumuriro, ubuzima bwigihe gito, nibindi.;mugihe feri ya karubone ya feri ifite coefficente ihagaze neza kandi itose ya leta yo guhuzagurika, ubwinshi bwububiko bwubushyuhe, umusaruro muremure hamwe nigiciro kinini cyumusaruro, ibyo bikaba bigabanya iterambere ryarwo no kubishyira mubikorwa.
Disiki ya karubone ceramic ihuza imiterere yumubiri wa fibre karubone na karikide ya polycrystalline.Hagati aho, uburemere bworoshye, ubukana bwiza, ituze munsi yumuvuduko mwinshi nubushyuhe bwo hejuru, guhangana nubushyuhe bwumuriro hamwe no kuvunika kwogosha biranga ubukana bumwe ntibwongerera igihe cyakazi cya disiki ya feri, ariko kandi wirinde ibibazo byose bituruka kumuzigo.
Icya gatatu, uko ibintu bimeze ubu inganda
1. Imikorere ya feri ya Carbone ceramic ni nziza cyane kurenza disiki isanzwe ya feri yicyuma gisanzwe, ariko ikiguzi nikosa ryayo
Kugeza ubu, ibikoresho bya disiki bikoreshwa cyane ni ibyuma bisanzwe bisanzwe, ibyuma biciriritse biciriritse, ibyuma bisanzwe, ibyuma bidasanzwe, ibyuma bidasanzwe, ibyuma bito bito bito hamwe nicyuma gikozwe mucyuma (ibyuma byahimbwe) ibikoresho, ibyuma ibikoresho bikoreshwa cyane.Ibyuma bikozwe mucyuma bifite igihe kirekire cyo gukora, kutagira ubushyuhe bwumuriro kandi byoroshye kubyara amashanyarazi nubundi busembwa, bityo ibikoresho bya karubone na karubone ceramic yibikoresho bigamije iterambere ryibikoresho bya feri.
Bitewe nigiciro kinini cyibikoresho bya karubone-karubone, bikoreshwa cyane cyane kuri feri yindege, hamwe n’iterambere rya gari ya moshi yihuta mu myaka yashize, abahanga mu gihugu ndetse n’abanyamahanga batangiye guteza imbere iterambere rya gari ya moshi yihuta ya karuboni ceramic composite friction vice , ibikoresho bya karubone ceramic nibikoresho byibanda kumahanga yibanze mugutezimbere ibikoresho byo guterana amagambo, Ubushinwa nabwo bwabaye mubyiciro byambere, disiki ya feri ya carbone ceramic mugihe kizaza kugirango igabanye igiciro cyumwanya ni nini, biteganijwe ko izaba iterambere nyamukuru rya feri ibicuruzwa Biteganijwe kuba icyerekezo nyamukuru cyiterambere ryibicuruzwa bya feri.
2. Igiciro cyibikoresho bya disiki ya feri ya karubone ceramic ni mike ugereranije, kandi hariho umwanya munini wo kugabanya ibiciro mubuhanga nubunini.
Mu 2021, igiciro cya toni imwe y’ibicuruzwa bishyushye by’uruganda ni 370.000 Yuan / toni, bikamanuka 20% bivuye kuri 460.000 yu / toni muri 2017, naho toni imwe yo gukora ni miliyoni 11.4 yuan mu 2021, bikamanuka 53.8% bivuye kuri 246.800 Yuan muri 2017, nigabanuka rikomeye rya tekiniki.Muri 2021, igipimo cyibiciro fatizo ni 52%.Hamwe no kwagura igipimo, kuzamura ikoranabuhanga, kuzamura urwego rwimikorere no kugabanuka kwa fibre fibre, hari umwanya munini wo kugabanya ibiciro byibicuruzwa.Kugeza ubu feri ya carbone ceramic feri imwe igiciro ni hafi 2500-3500, kuko hamwe na C hamwe no hejuru yisoko ryimodoka zitwara abagenzi, biteganijwe ko mumwaka wa 2025 agaciro kamwe kateganijwe kumanuka kugera kumafaranga 1000-1200, kazamanuka kugeza kuri B urwego no hejuru yisoko ryimodoka zitwara abagenzi.
Icya kane, ibyerekezo byinganda
1. Disiki ya karubone ceramic ifite umwanya munini wo gusimbuza urugo
Bitewe nuburyo bugoye bwibikorwa, ingorane zumusaruro, uruziga rurerure nizindi mbuga, ibigo byimbere mu gihugu bishobora gukora cyane disiki ya ceramic ceramic ni bike.Abatanga isoko nyamukuru ya disiki ya feri ya karubone ceramic harimo Brembo (Ubutaliyani), Surface Transforms Plc (UK), Fusionbrakes (USA), nibindi. ni umwanya munini wo gusimbuza urugo.
Abakiriya bingenzi bo mumahanga ya feri ya carbone ceramic yo mumahanga ni abakora imodoka zo murwego rwohejuru, kandi igiciro cyibicuruzwa kiri hejuru.Fata nk'isosiyete yo mu mahanga yitwa Brembo nk'urugero, igiciro cy'ibicuruzwa bya disiki imwe ya karubone ceramic irenga 100.000 by'amafaranga, mu gihe agaciro ka disiki imwe ya karubone yo mu rugo igera kuri 0.8-12,000, ifite imikorere ihenze cyane.Hamwe n’iterambere rishingiye ku ikoranabuhanga ry’inganda zo mu gihugu muri uru rwego, hamwe n’ihindagurika rikomeje ry’imodoka nshya y’ingufu “ziyongera, ndende, zifite ubwenge”, igipimo cyo kwinjira muri disiki ya ceramic ceramic ku binyabiziga bishya by’imbere mu gihugu biteganijwe ko kizakomeza kwiyongera.
2. Disiki ya Carbone ceramic feri yujuje ibyerekezo byoroheje byimodoka
Ibimenyetso byubushakashatsi byerekana ko kugabanya 10% uburemere bwibinyabiziga bishobora kongera ingufu za lisansi 6% - -8%;kuri buri kg 100 kugabanya ibinyabiziga, gukoresha lisansi birashobora kugabanuka kuri litiro 0.3 - -0,6 kuri kilometero 100, bityo tekinoroji yoroheje nicyerekezo cyingenzi cyiterambere ryimodoka.
Mugabanye misa munsi ya sisitemu yo guhagarika hamwe nimbaraga zimbaraga, disiki ya karubone ceramic feri nikintu cyingenzi kigabanya ibiro.Kugabanuka 1kg munsi ya sisitemu yo guhagarikwa bihwanye no kugabanuka kwa 5kg hejuru ya sisitemu yo guhagarika.Ububiko bwa disiki ya 380mm ya carbone ceramic yoroha nka 20 kg kurenza disiki yumukara wicyuma, ibyo bikaba bihwanye no kugabanya ibiro 100 muri sisitemu yo guhagarika imodoka.Byongeye kandi, imodoka ya siporo yo mu rwego rwo hejuru ya Toyota Lexus RCF yanyuze mu bikoresho bya CFRP hamwe na disiki ya feri ya karubone ceramic kugirango igabanye ibiro 70 kg muri byinshi, muri byo 22kg ikaba itangwa na disiki ya feri ya karubone, bityo disiki ya feri ya karubone ibice by'ingenzi byo kugabanya ibiro by'imodoka.
V. Umwanya w'isoko
Gusimbuza ifu yumwimerere metallurgie feri ya disikuru niyo nzira byanze bikunze byinganda: icya mbere, igiciro cya fibre fibre izagenda igabanuka buhoro buhoro kugirango igabanye igiciro cyibicuruzwa ubwabyo;icya kabiri, hamwe no kuzamuka kwumusaruro nigurishwa, kunoza imikorere, ubukungu bwikigereranyo buzagabanya igiciro cya disiki ya feri ya carbone ceramic;icya gatatu, uburambe bwo gutwara neza buzamura iterambere ryibicuruzwa mu nganda zimodoka.2023 biteganijwe ko uzaba umwaka wambere wo kuzamura disiki ya karubone ceramic.Umwaka wa mbere wo kuzamura disiki ya feri, biteganijwe ko isoko ryimbere mu gihugu rizagera kuri miliyari 7.8 mu 2025, naho isoko ry’imbere mu gihugu riteganijwe kurenga miliyari 20 mu 2030.
Kugeza mu 2025, ingano y’isoko ya disiki ya feri ya metallurgie ya feri izaba ingana na miliyari 90 ukurikije igiciro cy’amafaranga 1000 ku modoka imwe n’imodoka miliyoni 90 zagurishijwe ku isi yose, kandi isoko ry’imbere mu gihugu rizaba hafi miliyari 30.Hamwe nihuta ryamashanyarazi, igipimo cyinjira muri disiki ya feri ya karubone ceramic irashobora kurenza ibyo twari twiteze.Iri ni isoko rishya rihuye nuburyo rusange bwiterambere ryubwenge bwamashanyarazi kandi ni intambwe ya 0-1.Naho kubijyanye n’umutekano w’ibinyabiziga, nibimara gutera imbere bizaba aho kugurisha umutekano w’imodoka, igipimo cy’iterambere giteganijwe kurenga ku byari byitezwe, kandi biteganijwe ko amafaranga yinjira mu isoko muri rusange azagera kuri miliyari 200-300.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-03-2022