Ni ubuhe bwoko 2 bw'ingoma ya feri ikunze kugaragara?

Hariho ubwoko bwinshi bwa feri.Ushobora kuba warigeze wumva feri ya Disiki cyangwa feri yo kwikorera wenyine.Ariko wari uzi ubwoko bubiri bwingoma ya feri?Uzamenya ibijyanye na sisitemu ebyiri za feri muriyi ngingo.Mubyongeyeho, uziga kubyerekeye amasoko yo kugaruka n'imikorere yabyo.Twizere ko, iyi ngingo izagufasha kumva itandukaniro riri hagati yizi sisitemu zombi.

Feri y'ingoma

Feri yingoma ifite inkweto ebyiri ziyobora.Umwe ayoboye mugihe undi akurikira.Iyo ikinyabiziga kigenda, inkweto zombi zikora nkuyobora.Ibinyuranye, piston muri buri silinderi yibiziga ikora nkinyuma.Inkweto ebyiri ziyobora zifite piston zimuka mubyerekezo byombi.Ubu bwoko bwa feri busanzwe buboneka inyuma yikamyo nto.Nubwo kwishyiriraho uruhande rumwe bishobora kuvamo umutwaro uruhande rumwe kuruhande rwimbere, inkweto ebyiri-ziyobora inkweto ni amahitamo meza kubinyabiziga byinshi.

Sisitemu yo gufata feri yingoma ikoresha silinderi izunguruka ninkweto zinyeganyeza hejuru yo guterana kugirango umuvuduko wikinyabiziga.Inkweto zishora mu guterana ingoma iyo pedal irekuwe, bikabyara ingufu za hydraulic.Uku guterana gutera inkweto za feri gutontoma no gutinda imodoka hasi.Izi ngaruka zitwa "kwishyira ukizana."

Ikindi kintu kigize feri yingoma ni abutment.Anchor abutment yashyizwe kumasahani yinyuma ahateganye nigice cyagutse.Inkingi ya ankeri ikora nka hinge, ituma inkweto zidasimburana n'ingoma mugihe feri ikoreshejwe.Hariho ubwoko bubiri bwingenzi bwa ankeri: imwe-pin na kabiri-pin.Ubwoko bwambere buramenyerewe cyane mumodoka yoroheje.

Imodoka yambere yakoresheje feri yingoma igezweho ni Maybach.Louis Renault yakoresheje asibesitosi ziboheye kumurongo wa feri yingoma kuko yagabanije ubushyuhe neza kuruta ibindi bikoresho.Izindi modoka zakoresheje ubwoko buke bwa feri yingoma.Moderi yambere yakoreshaga levers, inkoni, insinga, ninkweto za mashini.Piston yakoreshwaga numuvuduko wamavuta muri silindiri nto.Izi mashini zari zisanzwe kugeza mu myaka ya za 1980, ariko imodoka zimwe zakomeje kuzikoresha.

Feri ya disiki

Itandukaniro riri hagati yubwoko 2 bwingoma nuko bakora ku ihame rimwe kandi byombi bikoreshwa kumodoka imwe.Kubijyanye na feri ya disiki, ariko, disiki irahagaze kandi caliper irazenguruka bijyanye na rotor.Feri y'imbere ikanda kuri disiki mugihe cyo gufata feri hanyuma feri yo hanze ikururwa kuri rotor.Muri iki gihe, feri irashyuha kandi igahatirwa kurwanya disiki.Iyi nzira izwi nka "padrinting," igira uruhare mu gufata feri.

Ibice bishyushye bya disiki birashobora kugera ku bushyuhe bwo hejuru cyane.Iyo ibi bibaye, icyuma gihinduka icyiciro.Carbone mu byuma irashobora kugwa mu cyuma igakora uturere twa karuboni ziremereye.Cementite, ariko, nibikoresho bitandukanye nibyuma kandi birakomeye cyane kandi byoroshye.Ntabwo kandi ikurura ubushyuhe neza, ibangamira ubusugire bwa disiki.

Feri ya disiki izwi kandi nka feri ya caliper.Bakoresha umuvuduko wa hydraulic kugirango basunike inkweto hejuru yimbere yingoma ya feri.Iyi feri ni ihuriro rya kaliperi na piston kandi irashobora gukoresha piston zigera ku munani.Feri ya disiki nubwoko busanzwe bwingoma ya feri.Ariko, hariho ubundi bwoko bwinshi.Niba ushaka feri nshya, feri ya disiki irashobora kuba nziza kuri wewe.

Feri ya disiki itandukanye na feri yingoma muburyo bwinshi.Feri ya disiki itanga ubushyuhe bukabije no guterana amagambo, bivuze ko ibice byabo bidafite igihe kirekire.Byongeye kandi, umubare wibice muri feri ya disiki byongera amahirwe yo gutsindwa.Feri yingoma irashobora kuba urusaku rwose, cyane cyane niba ikoreshwa nabashoferi batazi ibyo bavuga.

Feri yo kwishyiriraho wenyine

Hariho uburyo bubiri bwibanze bwo kwishyiriraho feri yingoma: gushira-gushira hamwe no gukurura.Iyambere ikoresha ibikoresho byo guteranya kugirango itange imbaraga zo gufata feri, ikoreshwa kuri pedal mugihe gahoro gahoro.Kwishyiriraho ingoma wenyine ukoresha ingoma kugirango ukoreshe imbaraga, mugihe sisitemu yo gukurura friction ikoresha rotor.Itandukaniro riri hagati yubwoko bubiri bwa feri riri muburyo bwabo.

Iyo kwifashisha ingoma ya feri ikoreshwa inyuma, bifata ikinyabiziga mugihe uburemere bwikinyabiziga bwimukiye mukweto.Ibi birashobora guterwa no guhindagurika cyangwa icyerekezo cyerekezo cyerekezo.Kubijyanye na feri yo kuyobora-inkweto, inkweto ziyobora zegereye kwaguka.Ni ngombwa kwitondera neza guteranya feri mugihe isenyutse.Kunanirwa kubikora birashobora kugutera gukora feri ikaze kandi birashoboka gufunga.

Feri-ikoresha feri ikoresha ibikoresho byo guteranya-gufatira kugirango ukoreshe ingoma.Ibi bikoresho byo guteranya-gufatira bifasha feri gukoresha imbaraga kumapine, ariko birashobora kugoreka no kunyeganyega mugihe cya feri.Ingoma zikoresha feri zirashobora kandi gutuma umushoferi akoresha imbaraga kuri pederi ya feri kuruta uko akeneye kugirango ahagarike imodoka.

Ubwoko bwa feri yingoma yubwoko ifite ibice bibiri byingenzi: isahani yinyuma hamwe na abutment.Inkingi ya ankor, iherereye ahateganye nigice cyagutse, ikora nk'inkweto.Isahani yinyuma itanga infashanyo yo kwagura silinderi kandi akenshi ikozwe mubyuma.Inkingi ya ankeri nayo ikora nkumukungugu wumukungugu wingoma ya feri no guteranya inkweto.

Garuka amasoko

Isoko yo kugaruka nikintu cyimukanwa gikoreshwa mugufata inkweto za feri inyuma nyuma ya silinderi yibiziga imaze gusohora igitutu cya sisitemu yo gufata feri.Ukurikije igishushanyo cya sisitemu, amasoko yo kugaruka ashobora kuba yometse ku nkweto zikurikira kandi ziyobora cyangwa zometse ku ngingo nkuru.Sisitemu zimwe za feri yingoma zikoresha isoko imwe izindi zikoresha umurongo muremure, ukomeye wicyuma cyunamye muburyo bwa U.Impera yo hepfo yisoko ihujwe ninkweto zikurikirana kandi impera yo hejuru ya U ifatanye ninkweto iyobora.

Inkweto ziyobora zigenda zerekeza muburyo butandukanye bwingoma iyo feri ikoreshejwe, bigatuma inkweto zikanda hejuru yimbere yingoma hamwe nigitutu kinini.Ingaruka ya servo izwi nkingaruka zo kwizamura.Uruziga rw'ibiziga rufite piston kandi umuvuduko wa hydraulic usunika inkweto hejuru yimbere.Amasoko yombi agaruka agomba guhora ahindurwa buri gihe, kubwibyo ni ingenzi kuri sisitemu ikora feri.

Garuka isoko na piston nibice bibiri byingenzi bya feri yingoma.Iyo feri ikanda, feri ya feri ihatirwa mumashanyarazi kugirango isunike inkweto za feri kurugoma.Garuka amasoko abasubiza inyuma aho baruhukiye.Iyo feri irekuwe, amasoko yo kugaruka ahindura inkweto za feri asubira mumwanya.Garuka isoko nigice cyanyuma cya sisitemu ya feri, kandi nubwoko bukoreshwa cyane.

Mugihe piston nisoko yo kugaruka ikora kugirango ushyire feri, ingoma ntabwo ihita ifatanya ninkweto.Bakeneye kubanza guhagarikwa mbere yuko inkweto zishobora kwerekeza ingoma.Sisitemu ya Hybrid / ingoma, kurundi ruhande, feri gusa na disiki kumuvuduko wa pedal.Ubu bwoko bwa feri isaba ububiko bwihariye bwo gupima kugirango wirinde umuvuduko wa hydraulic utagera kuri kaliperi yimbere kugeza amasoko yo kugaruka arangiye.

Feri

Hariho ubwoko bubiri bwingoma yingoma ya feri: ikosowe kandi ituje.Ukurikije ubwoko bwimodoka, iyanyuma ikoreshwa mumodoka iremereye.Byombi byashizweho kugirango bibe byiza mukurinda ibiziga-silinderi gukurura no kugabanya urusaku rwibinyabiziga.Ingoma zihamye ziranga rotor na disiki isa niyagura inkweto zikunze kugaragara mumodoka.Nyamara, ubwo bwoko bwombi bufite imiterere yihariye.

Kurugero, kwagura ingoma imbere bifite imbaraga zo guhagarara munsi yicyuma nicyuma.Imashini zikoresha ibyuma byikora muri rusange bikunda kwagura ingoma imbere, mugihe ingoma zikundwa na garebox.Feri yingoma isanzwe ikoreshwa kumuziga winyuma yimodoka, kandi yuzuza sisitemu ya disiki imbere.Feri yintoki-feri irahuza na feri yingoma.

Iyo ukandagiye hejuru yingoma, inkweto ziyobora zigenda mu cyerekezo kimwe ningoma, kandi inkweto zikurikira zigenda zinyuranye.Ingaruka izwi nkingaruka za servo, kandi ifasha inkweto gukanda ingoma n'imbaraga nyinshi.Muri sisitemu isanzwe ya feri, inkweto ziyobora zigenda zerekeza imbere yicyerekezo cyingoma, mugihe inkweto ikurikira igenda inyuma.Mubisanzwe, feri yingoma ishyirwa inyuma yimodoka zitwara abagenzi.

Ni ubuhe bwoko 2 bw'ingoma ya feri ikunze kugaragara, kandi itandukaniye he?Kugirango wirinde ibibazo, feri igomba kugenzurwa buri gihe.Kutabikora birashobora gutuma feri ishira.Gufata feri biterwa no gushyuha cyane mubice bya feri, hamwe no guhuza ibi bintu.Imbere-kwagura ingoma ya feri, kurugero, irashobora kwaguka mumurambararo kubera kwaguka kwinshi.Kugira ngo yishyure, inkweto zigomba kugenda kure cyangwa umushoferi agomba gukoresha pederi ya feri cyane.

Feri ya Santa ni uruganda rwa feri nu ruganda rwo mu Bushinwa rufite uburambe bwimyaka irenga 15 yo gukora.Santa Brake itwikiriye disiki nini ya feri nibikoresho bya padi.Nka feri yabigize umwuga hamwe nudukariso, feri ya Santa irashobora gutanga ibicuruzwa byiza cyane kubiciro byapiganwa cyane.

Muri iki gihe, feri ya Santa yohereza ibicuruzwa mu bihugu birenga 20+ kandi ifite abakiriya barenga 50+ bishimye ku isi.